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Bags under the eyes - protrusion of fat periorbital fiber in the lower eyelid due to its swelling or overgrowth. Adverse effects on the skin are primarily reflected in its most delicate and sensitive area – the area around the eyes. Bags under the eyes can be permanent or temporary, giving the face an unhealthy appearance. The formation of bags under the eyes depends on the individual characteristics of the body and can be observed as early as the age of 20 or absent in mature and elderly people.
The appearance of bags under the eyes may be due to the formation of hernial protrusions of fat or excessive fluid accumulated in the eyelids. "Edematous" bags under the eyes, as a rule, are more pronounced after sleep, decreasing or disappearing completely during the day, as fluid outflow from the upper half of the trunk as a result of gravity and activation of blood circulation. "Fat" bags under the eyes are expressed constantly, regardless of the time of day.
The eyeball is separated from the orbit by a layer of adipose tissue – periorbital fiber, which performs a cushioning function. The periorbital fiber, in turn, is separated from the skin of the eyelids by the orbital septum - a connective tissue membrane that holds it inside the eye socket. An increase in the volume of periorbital fiber in combination with a loss of elasticity of the connective tissue membrane and its stretching leads to the inability to retain adipose tissue inside the eye socket, which sagges outward, forming a hernial protrusion.
Periorbital hernias are often localized at the inner corners of the eyes. They can cause a decrease in visual acuity and clarity of perception of objects, contribute to rapid eye fatigue. Often, fat hernias put pressure on the tear ducts and glands, leading to lacrimation and wetness of the skin of the inner corners of the eyes. The resulting skin folds of the lower eyelid make it difficult to carry out full-fledged hygienic procedures, leading to the development of eczema of the skin of the lower eyelids.
The appearance of "bags" in childhood or adolescence and their preservation throughout later life is most likely due to a hereditary tendency to the proliferation of periorbital fiber. In this case, usually, one of the parents also has bags under his eyes.
The constitutional features of a person are also related to the shape of his eyelids. People of dense physique are often the owners of puffiness and bags under the eyes, and thin - hanging heavy upper eyelids.
Taking alcohol, excess fluid and salt at night leads to water retention in adipose tissue, swelling of the periorbital fiber and the appearance of undesirable cosmetic consequences in the form of bags under the eyes.
In addition, various pathological conditions can lead to fluid retention and swelling of the periorbital fiber: kidney diseases, allergic rhinitis and conjunctivitis, inflammation of the sinuses, respiratory infections, etc.
Some women note the dependence of the appearance of bags under the eyes with a certain phase of the menstrual cycle. In this case, the swelling of the periorbital fiber is associated with hormonal changes.
Excess ultraviolet light dries and thinns the skin of the eyelids and can contribute to the appearance of bags under the eyes.
The condition of the skin around the eyes is extremely negatively affected by general fatigue, stress, lack of sleep, excessive eye strain when watching TV for a long time or working at the computer.
The appearance of herniated bags under the eyes may be due to the wrong choice of cosmetics or their poor quality. Caring for the skin of the eye area, thin and delicate, requires the use of specially designed tools.
The inevitable cause of the appearance of bags under the eyes is age, as it increases, the growth of periorbital fiber, sagging under the skin of the lower eyelid, occurs. With age, bags under the eyes persist constantly, tend to gradually increase.
If normalization of lifestyle, folk recipes and cosmetics can help in the fight against "edematous" bags under the eyes, then hernia bags can be removed only with the help of surgical correction of the lower eyelids - blepharoplasty.
Lower blepharoplasty is a method of surgical elimination of excess periorbital fiber in the lower eyelids. Over time, when the bags under the eyes become impossible to hide with any cosmetics, only plastic surgery will help to restore the eyes to youth and a healthy appearance.
Taking into account the anatomical nature of the lower eyelids and their important function in protecting the eyes, surgical intervention should be carried out extremely carefully so as not to damage the soft-tissue structures.
Lower blepharoplasty is usually performed under local anesthesia, its duration is on average from 30 minutes to 1 hour on each eyelid.
With a mild degree of deformity of the lower eyelid, defects are eliminated by the method of seamless transconjunctival blepharoplasty, with access through the conjunctiva directly adjacent to the eyeball. The advantage of this technique is the absence of seams on the skin of the eyelids.
With more pronounced bags under the eyes, the removal of fat hernias is carried out by traditional suture blepharoplasty. The incision is made along the edge of the lower eyelid by external percutaneous access. Also, at the same time, excess skin is economically excised. The stitches are removed after 3 days, the scar is invisible after a month. Suture blepharoplasty is usually resorted to in elderly patients whose skin has lost elasticity with age.
In recent years, intraoral blepharoplasty has become increasingly widespread in the plastic of the lower eyelids, which allows not to remove fat periorbital tissue, but to redistribute it to the area of the lower edge of the orbit and lacrimal furrow. For suturing, thin non-absorbable threads are used, which are removed after a few days.
The course of the postoperative period is accompanied by the presence of edema and hematomas of the lower eyelids, the severity and duration of which may vary depending on the individual characteristics of the patient. On average, the rehabilitation period takes 10-12 days.
After blepharoplasty of the lower eyelids, a persistent cosmetic effect is observed for 12 years. However, the removal of bags under the eyes does not eliminate the aging of the skin in the periorbital area, which leads to the formation of folds over time.
